Sop for Masters in Vlsi Essay Example

Sop for Masters in Vlsi Essay I want to pursue an MS degree in Electrical Computer Engineering with a specialization in digital VLSI design as it will help me realize my goal of becoming a chip design engineer with the versatility to handle front-end and back-end VLSI designs in the near future. I am passionate about innovating high performance and low power VLSI systems and find the process involved in generating new digital logic techniques to be extremely challenging and fulfilling. My under-graduate program in Electronics Communication at Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad covered various core topics namely VLSI Design, Electronic Devices Circuits, Pulse Digital Circuits, Microprocessors Microcontrollers etc. This was in conjunction with the lab courses on Digital Signal Processing, Analog Digital IC applications and Microprocessors Microcontrollers. Furthermore, the work I did during the senior year in designing simulating the analog and digital integrated circuits using Pspice and Xilinx ISE software provided me with a good overview of VLSI design, synthesis and implementation processes. The well thought-out course structure enabled the smooth transition between theoretical and practical courses and helped me score 72. 54 % with distinction. The skills that I have developed so far have motivated me to work on a project that underscored the importance of digital VLSI in the evolution of memory chips and microcontrollers. We will write a custom essay sample on Sop for Masters in Vlsi specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sop for Masters in Vlsi specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sop for Masters in Vlsi specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Our team successfully implemented the major project â€Å"Aid for blind people using image processing† which involved developing a navigating aid using functions of OpenCV library for real-time image processing. With the familiarity gained on microcontroller architecture and its interfacing with various modules such as keyboard, USART using assembly language and C programming in keil, we interfaced the 32-bit ARM9 with LCD display, Analog-to-Digital Digital-to-Analog Converters, Universal Serial Bus, UART and RS232 serial port. As the project team-leader, my primary task was to design a 6 layer printed circuit board for 32-bit ARM9 microcontroller using Cadence. With my project advisor’s assistance in layout routing techniques for high-speed design, I succeeded in reducing the noise to some extent (lt; 20dB) and crosstalk by assigning separate ground planes under the analog digital partitions and increasing the distance between parallel traces decreasing the distance between trace and ground plane. Apart from providing me with the teamwork skills and hands-on experience in physical design automation, the project work also exposed the gaps in my knowledge in the domain of advanced VLSI design concepts such as Design methodologies -programmable logic devices (PLDs) like FPGAs, Complex PLDs; standard cell, full-custom designs; CMOS/BiCMOS technologies-their layout techniques their role in the development of high noise immune low power VLSI circuits and Physical Design Automation. The VLSI Design, Design Analysis of Digital Integrated Circuits, VLSI Architecture courses taught at the **** University cover many topics that help address the gaps in areas where I lack the necessary expertise. The graduate studies would also give me more exposure and greater understanding of topics like Digital Application Specific Integrated Circuits Design, Reconfigurable computing involving Field Programmable Gate Arrays and System on Chip (SoC) design. A thorough knowledge of these specialized topics would help me pursue my immediate career goal of becoming a back-end design engineer working on physical VLSI design and digital timing control logic designs. I choose **** University as my desired destination for pursuing graduate studies because of its excellent in-depth course structure and alignment of my professional interests in areas of digital front-end and back-end designs of CMOS based high performance and low power VLSI with the work being carried on in the fields such as Digital CMOS design, Physical Design Automation, High Speed Digital Systems. The research activity at **** Lab on Low-power and High-speed VLSI design and Physical CAD tools will help me study in-depth the design of Low power High performance VLSI systems and Physical Design Automation. The advanced skills I would pick up here would give me the expertise to fulfill my career aspirations. I am positive that the firm grounding I have received so far in concepts of microcontroller architecture and VLSI design would help me be successful in master’s program in Electrical Computer Engineering at **** University.

Beautiful essays

Crazy/Beautiful essays ?Crazy/Beautiful? is set in both an upscale California neighborhood and an urban, Latino ghetto. It follows the relationship of the troubled daughter of a wealthy congressional representative, and an A student with big dreams. Nicole's self-destructive behavior threatens the relationship and Carlos? promising future. The main conflict in this movie is between Nicole and Carlos. As he gets involved with her, hisA? average slips to barely passing, and his dreams of attending the Naval Academy seem to have fallen by the way-side. Other conflicts occur between Nicole and her father, Carlos and his mother, Carlos and his friends, and Nicole and her stepmother. The majority of the conflict in this movie is relational. Nicole feels that after her mother's suicide, her father stopped loving Nicole as well. Because of this, she is always looking to fill that void, so she latches on to anyone whom she feels will love her. Most of the time, the characters use avoidance in any conflict situation. Nicole's father never attempts to have any type of dialog with her until the end of the film. Even when Carlos has made up his mind that he needs to stop seeing Nicole, he avoids telling her until she pushes him to do so. The only character that does not avoid conflict is the stepmother, she is always yelling at Nicole and telling her how terrible of an influence Nicole is on her younger half-sister. With the end of the movie, comes the resolution of all conflict. Nicole decides she needs to work things out with her dad, and herself, thanks to Carlos. She decides to go to the rehab center her father wanted her to, and Carlos stays by her side. They both realize how much they love the other and work things out. Carlos even achieved his dream of becoming a pilot. ...

Public Law Course Work Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Public Law Course Work - Assignment Example Question How, if at all, can Estelle and Gary use the Human Rights Act 1998 to challenge conditions 4 and 5 of the Council letter? Discuss what legal arguments can they make under the Human Rights Act 1998 and what remedy or remedies the members could seek. The Human Rights Act 1998 received royal assent on November 9, 1998 and came into force on October 2, 2000. The objective of said Act was to harmonize the domestic law of the United Kingdom with the European Convention on Human Rights. To reaffirm the commitment of the UK to human rights and civil liberties, it is now possible under the said Act to file a claim for violation of the ECHR without going to the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg. Says Weinstein (2000): This ability to transcend national law, and to compel revision of such law to comport with rights guaranteed by the European Convention in a broad range of areas, most often within the exclusive purview of national and local courts, is of historic note. Generally, nation states have been the final arbiters of most issues affecting their citizenry and within their borders. By treaty, the signatory nations of Europe have granted the ECHR binding authority to decide cases affecting their citizenry and other persons subject to their authority. In instances where state law is found inconsistent with an ECHR judgment, the nation at issue is obliged to amend its national law to comport with the ECHR decision.

Food Inc. Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Food Inc. Reflection - Essay Example Thus, purchasing cucumbers or tomatoes in winter consumers are just content with up-to-date service without any reflections about the quality or presence of the vitamins in vegetables. We do not know all the truth about today’s food production and the most grievous thing is that the biggest part of us does not even wish to find it out, eating those food items that damage the state of health. We have got used to be unaware and allow listless companies to hide crucial information that brings them big profits at the expense of our lives. But now, due to a documentary movie â€Å"Food Inc.† by Robert Kenner, it is the right time to see things clearly and make an attempt to change something. Everything is in our hands, because where there is a will, there is a way. After watching mentioned documentary film a lot of food items that have been quite acceptable for you earlier start to be prohibited by your conscience so abruptly. Represented pictures of scared hogs in slaughter house along with crippled and unable to walk cows in the farms bring a shock to your mind. Having another portion of fry potatoes for your dinner, you have never thought about how exactly fast-food restaurants get raw materials for their menus. You have never imagined the conditions of cultivation and treatment of animals while choosing meal. Making a bite of hamburger, you have never known the story of three-year-old Kevin, who died because of the E-coli infection and whose mother still tries to reach justice. A documentary movie manages to open your eyes on the things that have been hidden from you for so many years. With its help you begin to realize that all this time you have been just a marionette in a rough fight for profits of food companies that do not care for your life, making production â€Å"faster, fatter, bigger, cheaper† (Kenner, 2008). The main point of the movie is an idea of own health protection with a help of persnickety and conscious food choice. â€Å" Food Inc.† reveals the process of whole industrial system changes. Nowadays agriculture develops rapidly. However, despite high technological level, the quality of the agricultural products continues to decrease. Companies cheat on consumers, providing them with attractively packed products, meanwhile, farmers feed animals with corn to make them grow faster and bigger that afterwards allow to cut prices. Tyson grower, Vince Edwards, stated, â€Å"If you can grow a chicken in forty nine days then why would you want to grow it in three month? More money in your pocket† (Kenner, 2008). This proves the fact that food companies make everything to receive additional revenue, being indifferent to ethical policy. Realizing all the consequences of unhealthy meals with a help of â€Å"Food Inc.†, I start to care about where my food comes from more carefully, while formerly this information has been totally uninteresting for me. When you do not know obvious things, you sinc erely believe that everything that tastes good is clean and healthy. In addition, fast food products cost much cheaper than vegetables and fruits. That manages to make them so popular and attractive, creating a problem of people’s inability to buy expensive, though healthy, food. Divulging the secrets of food industry, stated documentary film compels you to think about your own diet more thoroughly. Pictures of nasty and dusting chicken houses repulse and induce to reflect about

Current Key legislation that applies to teaching Assignment

Current Key legislation that applies to teaching - Assignment Example The purpose of this regulation is not only to protect the professional integrity and to safeguard its expected practices but also to protect pupils and the young generation. The document addresses the relevant issues, for instance race, ethnicity, discrimination, disability etc., and the possible course of actions for teachers, employers and parents. A new educational system will replace the current system after 2012. General Teaching Council for England (GCTE), with the help of education ministry, is trying to introduce a fair and effective system. However, there are issues to be addressed. For instance, what risks are involved if it is taken as granted that the government is responsible for the ‘accountability’ of profession. Since, performance and conduct of a teacher is being judged at the institution level, consistency is another issue. The regulations for teachers are designed to make sure that they meet the basic induction requirements and satisfy the needs of sch ools and pupils. Even though it is argued that the bureaucratic process hinders the availability of good teachers, these legislations are introduced to improve the quality of teaching through on-going training programs for teachers. This ensures the availability of high quality teachers for all schools. Tutoring is well respected, well paid and a rewarding profession. It is the most effective way to develop pupils’ academic as well as personal skills. ... Years of education and training develop an insight but real environment make them understand the actual needs of the students. They not only have to have the subject knowledge but they need to know the psychology of young people. They should be able to define in-class rules and create a secure environment. Teachers are solely responsible for their career growth by planning and executing their professional trainings for further enhancement. In the recent past much more emphasis is placed on teacher’s reflection and self-evaluation. The revolutionizing global environment demands greater exposure of different cultures and civilizations. The â€Å"Equality Strategy†, introduced in 2010, outlines principals which demands strong commitments from both public and private education institutions. The legislation introduced from time to time empowers teachers to discipline the students. Working on the same lines government has brought new and amended bills to not only regulate tea chers but also to provide career growth, professional security, higher pay scales and better retirement plans. Government has also planned to align its work force with the economic requirements. Many projects are in operation in an effort to reduce the skill gap in the labor market. There are specific goals set to achieve by 2020 to train and prepare educational institutions for future needs. For science subjects, an individual has to be graduated from one of the accredited universities. A hiring institution is responsible to offer career oriented training programs. A performance management system should be in place to appraise the performance of its teachers. All teachers are reviewed in the lifelong learning sector on the basis

Use Of Automatic Storage And Retrieval System Information Technology Essay

Use Of Automatic Storage And Retrieval System Information Technology Essay Globalisation, deregulation, competitiveness, increasing customer expectations has made it imperative for the Indian industry to achieve sustainable advantage in this competitive scenario, thus it has become very important for businesses to service the needs of their customers excellently by providing value to their demands. For the improvement of the business efficiency supply chain management is considered to be one of the most important business improvement tools available. From Suppliers, manufacturers, distributors and retailers have discovered that they must either transform their operations and tactics or be beaten by competitors with more innovative and aggressive supply networks. At a broader level, it is necessary to integrate various processes like procurement of material, manufacturing, distribution, retailing, marketing, RD, HR, etc, whereas it is equally important to involve each process of various organizations which are required to work together to achieve mutual benefits across the supply chain. In this competitive manufacturing and business environment and the need to provide a linkage between various processes, the warehouse has always been a critical link between a manufacturing plant and the world and affects the performance of the entire manufacturing and logistics system. Storage is one aspect of the supply chain that can provides increased efficiency, cost savings, and other such benefits. Poor infrastructure facilities, outdated mindsets and lack of exposure to newer methodologies and the latest developments have been bottlenecks against progress in Indian warehouse management and materials handling. Today, with the advent of information and communication technologies, the scenario for warehouse management and materials handling in India is changing fast with introduction to IT enabled systems such as MRP, inventory management, logistics control and automated Storage and Retrieval System. The importance of warehouse management, materials handling, storage and the need for the automation in the warehousing invokes the need for an ASRS. ASRS An automated storage and retrieval system (ASRS) is a high-rise system which consists of computer-controlled methods for automatically placing and retrieving loads from specific storage locations. Thus, reduces human intervention and avoids human error. ASRS are used in applications where there is a very high volume of loads being moved into and out of storage storage density is important because of space constraints no value adding content is present in this process accuracy is critical because of potential expensive damages to the load ASRS basically involves the use of high-rise racks with a storage machine operating within the aisle, is serves both sides of the aisle. Loads are stored in the racks and retrieved either automatically or in a semi-automated fashion. The loads could either be unit loads that are palletized, or, in some cases, involve drawers and totes that are used to store smaller parts. The heights of ASRS systems can vary, depending on the application. The highest systems are 100 feet high. Improved material control is one of the most important functions of an ASRS. Using an ASRS to automatically store and retrieve product provides the means for controlling the movement of material, and eliminates the possibility of human error. Another important benefit of an ASRS system is the immediate reporting of moves completed, which provides a critical link in the chain of information systems that control inventory. Components of an ASRS: A basic ASRS system is comprises of one or more aisles which have a robotic crane to retrieve from and store product in the racks on either side of the aisle. The use of a robotic crane allows racks to be built several stories high over almost any length, providing more storage density than almost any other storage solution. The cranes also bring the materials to the operator which virtually eliminates wait, walk and cycle times. ASRS systems can also handle a variety of materials, from small bins of parts up to entire pallets of materials, with fast cycle times and high precision. An ASRS consists of the following: Rack Structure The racks can either accommodate palletized unit loads or totes/bins or drawers, depending on the size and characteristics of the part. Other types of racks are cantilever racks, flow racks, and any other specially designed storage structure. The rack openings are typically standardized, as the cost of non-standard, or customized, openings can be significantly higher than those for the standard openings. The pallets do not leave the warehouse to customers, including manufacturing. The reason for this is the rough use received by pallets in loading/unloading and in transportation. Damaged pallets with nails or slivers sticking out can cause serious problems in the operation of an ASRS. Also, the rack structure can be either free standing, or the building can be rack supported. Storage/Retrieval Machine The storage retrieval machine operates within a storage aisle. Its function is to store and retrieve loads. It is designed for applications requiring high lifts, fast speeds, control features and accurate positioning, not available in other types of material handling equipment. Typically, it consists of a structural frame of either a single or multiple mast construction. The lower portion of the frame has wheels which normally run on a single floor rail or two rails. The frame is guided by support from the storage structure at the top of the structural frame. The structural frame of the storage retrieval machine is used to guide the carriage for accurate locating of the load as it is raised and lowered. The carriage carries the mechanism to carry, store and retrieve the load. The storage and retrieval mechanism can either be a shuttle device or a pushpull arrangement with a pin to engage/disengage the load. The storage and retrieval mechanism also must be able to transfer loads to and from conveyors, shuttle cars and Pick and Deposit stations. The storage retrieval machine is typically captive in a single aisle, with one storage retrieval machine per aisle. There are cases, however, where the storage retrieval machine can operate in more than one aisle. In this case, a transfer car is required at the end of the aisle to transfer the storage retrieval machine from one aisle to another. The choice of one versus the other configuration depends on the cost and the throughput requirements. Typically, storage retrieval machines service both sides of the aisle and can operate in very narrow aisle configurations, where the aisle is only marginally wider than the load. The storage retrieval machines can have a person on board, or can be completely unmanned. The person-on-board systems permit less than a full unit load to be picked from a storage location. P D Stations (Transfer Stations): Pick and Deposit station is a location at which a load is entering or leaving storage is supported in a manner suitable for handling by the S/R machine. These may be a simple as a fork truck setdown station, a shuttle car, a conveyor section or an Automatic Guided Vehicle System (AGVS). Normally, every AS/RS has at least one pick-up station and one delivery station. P D stations are usually located at the end of the storage aisles. Sometimes the P D stations are integrated with an in-plant or warehouse transportation system. Features of ASRS: Following are the main safety features of AS/RS. AS/RS systems are typically automated man less system, they almost eliminates human interaction with moving equipment and increases the occupational health safety levels in warehouses. All operational commands are given electronically from host system and thru pre-programmed path logic, eliminating all major risks associated with material equipment damage. Catching devices over speed governors are provided for hoisting movement to arrest over speed/acceleration of equipment, ensuring absolute trouble free operation. Limit switches safety bumpers are provided at end of aisle to detect avoid over-travel of equipments. Physical dimensions of load/pallet are checked in all three directions while entering of pallet on forks over dimensional loads are rejected from the system, ensuring only suitable sized objects gets handled by AS/RS. Motion of load handling device (LHD) are locked during vertical horizontal travel of equipment. Unlike fork trucks/battery stackers, AS/RS do not have telescopic mast. AS/RS mast is supported by bottom top rail, restricting sway of mast during travel of equipment. Benefits of ASRS: Provides make-to-order capability in addition to make-to-inventory production Real-time inventory control and instantaneous reporting functionality Bringing material to the operator cutting cycle time by eliminating wait, walk, and search time. Reduces work-in-progress inventory. Better inventory accuracy and better responsiveness to need result in reduction or elimination of safety stock in the overall inventory model. This has the net effect of inventory reduction. Dramatically increases operator productivity. The Part to Picker model of order fulfilment is 3 to 5 times more productive that having the picker travel to the part to complete the fulfilment. Provides real-time inventory control with instant reports. With near 100% accuracy and real time information about the inventory on hand, achievable commitments can be made to your customer as opposed to best efforts promises. Improves product quality and productivity. Real time information, faster response to a need, physical protection, and traceability of material access all contribute to a better process where time can be spent on improving the quality of the process instead of on expediting material to a point of use. GLOBAL SCNERIO: An automated storage and retrieval system (ASRS or AS/RS) consists of a variety of computer-controlled methods for automatically placing and retrieving loads from specific storage locations. Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (AS/RS) are typically used in applications where: there is a very high volume of loads being moved into and out of storage; storage density is important because of space constraints; no value adding content is present in this process; accuracy is critical because of potential expensive damages to the load. AS/RS Systems are devices designed for automated storage and retrieval of parts and items in manufacturing, distribution, retail, wholesale and institutions. They focus on bringing goods to the man rather than manual walking and searching. Space savings, increased productivity/reduced labour, increased accuracy and reduced inventory levels are some of the primary benefits. Ideal for lean manufacturing, sustainability, six sigma, Kahnban, JIT and other value added methodologies and processes. Material Handling Institute of America (MHIA), the non-profit trade association for the material handling world, and its members have broken AS/RS into two primary segments. Fixed Aisle and Carousels/Vertical Lift Modules (VLMs). Both sets of technologies provide automated storage and retrieval for parts and items, but use different technologies. Each technology has its unique set of benefits and disadvantages (like everything in the world). Fixed Aisle systems are characteristically larger systems where as Carousels Vertical Lift Modules are used individually or grouped, but in small to medium sized applications. Fixed Aisle AS/RS is categorized into three main types: single masted, double masted, and man-aboard. Most are supported on a track and ceiling guided at the top by guide rails or channels to ensure accurate vertical alignment, although some are suspended from the ceiling. The shuttles that make up the system travel between fixed storage shelves to deposit or retrieve a requested load (ranging from a single book in a library system to a several ton pallet of goods in a warehouse system). As well as moving along the ground, the shuttles are able to telescope up to the necessary height to reach the load, and can store or retrieve loads that are several positions deep in the shelving. To provide a method for accomplishing throughput to and from the AS/RS and the supporting transportation system, stations are provided to precisely position inbound and outbound loads for pickup and delivery by the crane. In addition, there are three types of AS/RS devices called Vertical Lift Modules (VLMs), Horizontal Carousels and Vertical Carousels. These systems are used either as standalone units or in integrated workstations called pods. These units usually are integrated with various types of pick to light systems and use either a microprocessor controller for basic usage or inventory management software. These systems are ideal for increasing space utilization up to 85%, productivity levels by 2/3, accuracy to 99.9%+ levels and throughput up to 750 lines per hour/per operator. Man-aboard AS/RS: A man-aboard AS/RS offers significant floor space savings. This is due to the fact that the storage system heights are no longer limited by the reach height of the order picker. Shelves or storage cabinets can be stacked as high as floor loading, weight capacity, throughput requirements, and/or ceiling heights will permit. Man-aboard automated storage and retrieval systems are far and away the most expensive picker-to-stock equipment alternative. Aisle-captive storage/retrieval machines reaching heights up to 40 feet cost around $125,000. Hence, there must be enough storage density and/or productivity improvement over cart and tote picking to justify the investment. Also, because vertical travel is slow compared to horizontal travel, typical picking rates in man-aboard operations range between 40 and 250 lines per person-hour. The range is large because there is a wide variety of operating schemes for man-aboard systems. Man-aboard systems are typically appropriate for slow-moving items where space is fairly expensive. Vertical Lift Module The VLM is a computer controlled automated vertical lift module, storage and retrieval system. Functionally, stock within the VLM remains stationary on front and rear tray locations. On request a movable extractor unit travels vertically between the two columns of trays and pulls the requested tray from its location and brings it to an access point. The operator then picks or replenishes stock and the tray is returned to its home. VLM system offers variable tray sizes and loads, which could be applied in different industries, logistic, as well as office settings. The VLM systems could be customized to fully utilize the height of the facility, even through multiple floors. With the capability of multiple access openings on different floors, the VLM system is able to provide an innovative storage and retrieval solution. The rapid movement of the extractor as well as the integrated inventory management software can dramatically increase the efficiency of the picking process. Unlike large AS/RS systems, which require a complete overhaul of the warehouse or production line, the Vertical Lift Module are modularized, which can be easily integrated into the existing system, or to be rolled out in gradually over different phases. This is the first model of the same. Horizontal Carousels: A horizontal carousel is a series of bins which rotate on an oval track. Every bin has shelves which are adjustable to .75 and can be configured for a myriad of standard and special applications. An operator simply inputs a bin number, part number or cell location and the carousel will rotate via the shortest path. Multiple horizontal carousels integrated with pick to light technology and inventory management software (a pod of carousels) are used for order fulfilment. A wave of orders are sent to the pod. A group of orders are selected to create a batch. The operator simply follows the lights and pick round robin from the carousels and place items in a batch station behind them. Each carousel pre-positions and rotates when picked, so it is awaiting for the operator who picks round robin till the batch is complete. When the batch is complete, a new batch is inducted and the process repeated until the wave is complete. Horizontal carousels can save up to 75% of floor space, increase productivity by 2/3, accuracy levels to 99.9%+ levels and throughput up to 750 lines per hour/operator. Horizontal carousel systems generally outperform robotic systems which are very vogue right now for a fraction of the cost. Horizontal carousels are the most cost effective AS/RS system available. Unit-load AS/RS are used in distribution centres Unit-load AS/RS are used in distribution centres for storing pallet loads of goods, replenishing of mini-loads or for direct picking. In manufacturing plants they store raw materials, finished goods, work in process and spare parts for equipment. With companies being forced to do more with fewer resources and fewer employees, the benefits of a unit-load automated storage and retrieval system are 100 percent order control, visibility and traceability within your facility, says Todd Jedelsky, account executive with Murata Machinery. The system keeps account of whats going in and out, so users are not correcting mistakes as frequently. As the economic downturn forces more companies to practice lean handling techniques, the latest developments in these technologies are yielding more efficient picking and enhanced returns on investment. Here is a look at the latest trends. Mini-load AS/RS systems have incrementally crept up in heights and speeds in recent years. Now reaching as high as 78 feet, with travel speeds as fast as 23 feet per second, suppliers have been developing independent mini-load handlers and drive systems that compensate for mast movement with motor-driven anti-pendulum and belt-driven omega drives. Well-entrenched in food and beverage handling, mini-load AS/RS is growing in popularity for smaller retailers, adds Bill Ostermeyer, vice president of sales at viastore systems. The technology allows you to do a better job at sequencing and fine tuning the cubing and loading of trailers for efficient delivery and unloading at the retail stores. This is because of the ability to control the release out of the system in a very logical manner. Unit Load, Mini-Load, or Layer-Load AS/RS Improve Sales Profitability with these storage solutions Which type of load do you need to store and retrieve? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Unit Load pallets, paper rolls, bakery trays, etc. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Layer-Load layers of different products à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Mini-Load container based small parts à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Self Storage Containers à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Car Parking Systems Virtual pallet movement Faster speeds and smoother motion are visible improvements. A more important advancement is the software that manages the systems. Software capability has defined the technology since its inception: the automation arm of defense contractor Litton Industries created the dominant supplier decades ago. The successor organization is HK Systems Inc., and software development remains a focus. Full pallet movement will remain the distribution mode of breweries and other large-scale bottlers for the foreseeable future, but distributors and other food segments need systems that can retrieve cases from a variety of locations and assemble them for shipment. Rainbow pallets can be built automatically, but the cost is out of line with the labor savings. Proof of concept has been done on mixed-SKU automation, he adds, though commercialization is years away. But the batch picking and wave planning capabilities of todays systems already are far superior to traditional sortation systems, and whats changing the game is the sophistication of the software. Refrigerated storage with deep racks is becoming more common in food applications, and rising energy costs will accelerate the trend. Overview of Warehouse ASRS in India: In India, a warehouse has been generally perceived to be a place to store things, out of sight, and out of mind, certainly not an image of high tech or sophistication. In fact, most plant modernization efforts have typically ignored or bypassed the warehousing segment completely. Since quality warehouses are few, warehouses charge a premium for providing value-added services. Describing the Indian scenario Till the 90s, most of the warehouses were nothing but a tin shed with four walls. All the goods were mostly stored on the floor and handled by manual labour. Automation was practically unheard of except in some MNCs who were present then. With the entry of many new MNCs as well as global Third Party Logistics(3PL) service providers in late 90s and early 2000, the warehouse infrastructure started improving. Storage and Material Handling Equipments (MHE) started getting much needed attention. Today we have many players, both domestic (TCI, Indo Arya, Safexpress, M J Logistic) and foreign (Toll, Arshiya, etc.) who are investing millions of rupees to construct world class warehouses/logistics centres and equip them, with the latest storage and handling equipments as well as IT systems. MJ Logistic, a leading 3PL solutions provider, began operations of its state-of-the-art four-million tonne capacity cold storage warehouse and distribution facility with new customer acquisitions in the frozen food vegetables segment at its Palwal facility in Haryana near Delhi. According to CrISIL research estimates, the market size of the warehousing industry as on 2009-10 stood at Rs 250-300 billion, with size of the industrial and agricultural warehousing segment, excluding temperature controlled warehousing, in the range of Rs 220-260 billion and Rs 30-40 billion, respectively. Warehousing industry has grown at 8-10 per cent per annum. Industrial warehousing and agricultural warehousing have grown at the rate of 9-11 percent and 3.5- 4.5 per cent per annum, respectively. Several factors such as growth in external trade, growth across major industry segments such as automobile, pharmaceutical, fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) and the emergence of organised retail have favourably impacted growth of the warehousing industry. Despite this growth, the general perception is that warehouses are places to simply store things, while big companies have their own warehousing facilities, smaller ones depend on the services provided by private operators, mostly in the unorganized sector. Warehousing automation: Warehouse automation in India is at its infancy. Right now, only big players are in a position to implement automation. Most small and medium enterprises are yet to adopt it. Typically, the small players do not have long-term plans, and, therefore, look for quick results from their investments. Warehouse automation requires considerable investment and the benefits are only realised after a while. This has dissuaded the small players from investing in warehouse technologies. High end technologies such as radio Frequency Identification (rFID), Barcodes and other advance tracking system are must for any warehousing company to sustain in the market today, Emphasizing that the warehouses should have adequate mechanical, technical and auxiliary systems to facilitate speedy functioning, Minda says, Loading unloading, material handling, ciphering, transferring and tracking would be the key operational attributes of warehouse.WMS (Warehouse Management System) are there with visibility and key warehousing analytics. Major Companies using ASRS in India: Genix Automation Pvt.Ltd, Pune was founded in 2006 and is providing Automation solutions in India. It has been servicing Automotive OEMs for their facility Automation. The company has in a very short time bagged numerous projects from almost all major car manufacturers. 1. GENIX Automation has supplied total solutions to Fiat India 2. GENIX has supplied engine storage system (ASRS) to TATA motors 3. GENIX has supplied system to NISSAN motors. 4. GENIX has supplied system to Ford motors. 5. GENIX has supplied system to Volks wagon motors. M J Logistic Services Ltd: Clients Acenorca S.C.L Bharti-Walmart Colgate Palmolive Coca Cola (India) Pvt. Ltd. Danisco India Pvt. Ltd Darshan Foods Pvt. Ltd. Family Health International (FHI) Hindustan Coca-Cola Beverages Pvt. Ltd. ITC Limited Kirloskar Brothers Limited Kwality Dairy India Ltd. Mico Bosch Philips Electronics Ltd. RFCL Limited Republic Of Chicken Tata Motors Limited SCOPE IN INDIA GENIX INDIA SCOPE à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Manufacturing Installation of Underguarding à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Installation of Overhead Conveyor. Project : Ford Chennai , Bumper Line à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Manufacturing Installation of Complete PBS Structure 220Tonnes à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Manufacturing Installation of Line Side Utility Structures . Project : Ford Chennai , PBS ( Painted Body Storage ) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Manufacturing Installation of Transfer Mezzanine 40 Tonnes . à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Mfg Installation of Dropà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ lift Safety Fence Project : Ford Chennai , Trim 1 to Trim Over head Transfer Managing the Risks of AS/RS: There are a few simple rules to investing in warehouse automation: Buy only the highest quality equipment. Dont think that the best deal will provide the lowest cost to your firm. The down-time associated with problems from lower quality equipment is too expensive and will quickly erode the initial cost savings. Think long-term: Every successful business has a vision that requires small, steady steps to reach goals that are realistic and profitable. Because an AS/RS has a 20+ year life, dont expect a 12-month payback. Introduce operating personnel early: Include operating personnel early in the process and make them a part of the project team before the system goes on-line. Think proactively: Preventive maintenance is far less expensive than reactive repair. Talk to the experts who design and maintain the equipment and take necessary action. Dont buy from companies that cannot demonstrate: Their successful expertise in environments similar to your project requirements. These rules sound basic and simple. All too often, however, one or more are not applied, which results in unrealistic expectations and frustration. At Westfalia, we avoid this by sticking to the fundamentals, staying within our core competencies, and making sure that we can fully identify with the customers problem domain. CASE: High Performance Picking System Eliminates Replenishment Labor Features/Benefits Provided: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Dynamic Slotting of SKUs à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Automatic Replenishment à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Pick to Light Interface à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Replenishment Labour Eliminated The warehouse and conveyor systems of a European cutlery supplier were technically outdated. Some of the spare parts were no longer available. Moreover, the profile of the orders received had changed over the years. The average size of shipments had decreased while the number of shipments had increased. At the same time, the packaging variety increased due to the companys growing international orientation. The company decided to respond to these new market challenges by restructuring the intra-logistic processes in its warehouse and distribution center. The selected supplier was to design and build a completely redesigned central warehouse and distribution center using the existing building structure. This presented the challenge of performing the modernization work without interrupting the day-to-day operations. A High Performance Picking System (HPPS), an intelligent combination of mechanics and software, met the project requirements. Through the use of the HPPS, customer orders and replenishment of stock are performed quickly, efficiently, and ergonomically. There are several distinct advantages of the HPPS. The pick faces of the pick-to-light system are automatically replenished with the required containers, and the storage and retrieval (S/R) machines automatically remove containers and cartons when they are empty or when dynamic slotting of slow moving SKUs is required and beneficial. The containers are placed directly in a sloping rack position that allows for a comfortable and highly ergonomic access to the containers during picking, thereby reducing pick cycle times. The HPPS incorporates an S/R machine designed with a carriage that tilts the load handling device (LHD) to correspond with the slope of the pick channels. is a proud member of AS/RS, a Product Section of the Material Handling Industry of America

Use of Conventions in Literary Works Such as Shakespeares Hamlet :: Props Hamlet Tragic Tragedy Analysis

Conventions are commonly known as a customary feature of a literary work such as the use of a chorus in Greek tragedy or an explicit moral in a fable. They are found in stories, plays, essays, poetry, and movies. Conventions are found frequently in Shakespeare’s Hamlet, Taming of the Shrew, and Othello. They are also detected in D. H. Lawrence’s The Horse Dealer’s Daughter and The Rocking Horse Winner, and lastly in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll House. These literary devices all grasp the same conventional concept. The use of a prop in a literary work is a perfect example of a convention—each prop is used to show a significant idea in its respective literary work. William Shakespeare was an English playwright and poet. He was recognized in much of the world as the greatest of all dramatists. In Hamlet, Shakespeare provides the first prop as letters. Ophelia proclaims, â€Å"My lord, I have remembrances of yours, That I have longed long to redeliver; I pray you, now receive them† (III.I.93-95). In this citation, Ophelia gives Hamlet the letters (â€Å"them†) of poetry he has written to her. With this action, she manages to devalue Hamlet, bring forth a feeling of worthlessness and unimportance. Another significant prop in Hamlet is the fencing sword. Fencing was a common, competitive and recreational sport practiced in the Middle Ages. The sword was usually tipped with foil to prevent injury. In act V, Hamlet and Leartes engage in a game of fencing. Leartes deceives Hamlet and â€Å"unbates† his sword. The unbated sword is soaked in poison and the opponents bleed on both sides (V.II.271-273). This occurrence signifies the revenge each son is instilled with. Hamlet is mislead by his long-lived acquaintance. Deception and revenge brought him to his final resting place Also in act V, Hamlet and Horatio watch two clowns while they dig a grave. While the clowns dig, they come across a skull. Hamlet pronounces, â€Å"This might be the pate of a politician, which this ass now o’er reaches; one that would circumvent God, might it not?† (V.I.66-67). This skull resembled Hamlet’s jester who has passed away over 20 years ago. The skull represented the dead smell in Denmark. This is a turning point in the drama. Everything around Hamlet was falling; first his father, the incest of marriage, and his fair Ophelia. The props so far have lead up to the dramatic end of the play.

Particle Size Distribution and Cyclone Efficiency Distribution Essay

In this experiment collection efficiency of a cyclone has been determined for two types of particles – Fly Ash and MgO in an air stream. Such a dust is commonly found in industries using coal and refractories. Particle size distribution of ambient air as well as cyclone exhaust has also been measured using Electrical Low Pressure Impactor (ELPI). The collection efficiency of the cyclones was in 85 -95% range for Fly Ash dust and approximately 96% for MgO dust under experimental conditions. The particle size distribution in the ambient air as well as in the cyclone exhaust was showed a log normal distribution and each of these distributions was composed of more than one size distributions. A. Introduction: In modern industrial era we have to live with dust and powders on continuous basis. There are many industrial processes that use raw materials in powder form like powder metallurgy, sintering plants in integrated steel plants, cement industry, polymer engineering etc. to name a few. It is not unreasonable to expect that the industries that use powders as raw material, throws lot of particulate matter into the atmosphere around it. Even in the cases, when the raw material in not a powder, the emissions contains lot of particulate matter. Some examples are emissions from blast furnaces, coal fired plants etc. to name a few. Vehicular pollution is one of the major sources of suspended particulate matter (spm) in the atmosphere in the urban areas. Therefore, the knowledge of particle size distribution is required and very useful in many cases. Some examples are the following: †¢ Estimation of dust hazard to the personal handling powders in industries †¢ Designing an equipment for removing dust from a gas stream like exhaust gas of blast furnace and other furnaces †¢ Selection of a suitable dust cleaning system for a given environment †¢ Estimation of the efficiency of filters and other dust collection systems †¢ Identifying the source of the dust particles †¢ Estimation of properties of an aerosol etc. Therefore, it is useful to understand the method and practices of measuring and describing particle size distribution and also the different methods and instruments that are used to clean dust from a gas stream. This experiment is concerned with sizing distribution of atmospheric dust and the efficiency of a dust collection system will be determined. The following section described different distributions of particle size in a dust sample. A. 1 Description of particle size distributions Dust particle or airborne particles are not of a given size rather there are particles of different sizes in a dust sample. This size range can be very large in the range of tens of nanometers to hundreds of micron. The exact size distribution depends upon the source of the particulate matter. For example size distribution in a blast furnace exhaust will be different from that in a motorcycle emission and so on. A particle size distribution can be described by the following mathematical expression: Here, ‘d’ is the diameter of the dust particle and dN is number of the dust particle in the diameter range ‘d’ to ‘d+dd’. ‘a’, ‘b’, ‘? ’ and ‘? ’ are the constants. Depending on the value of these constants there are two kinds of particle size distributions. One is â€Å"Nukiyama – Tanasawa† distribution and the other is â€Å"Rosin-Rammler† distribution. For â€Å"Nukiyam – Tanasawa† distribution, ? = 2 and ? = 1 and the expression is â€Å"Rosin – Rammler† distribution is described by the following expression: The â€Å"Rosin – Rammler†distribution was developed to represent size distribution of coal particles, that was received by sieving of coal particles. Here di is a particular sieve size or the minimum size of a particle retained by that sieve; R is the weight of the coal particles retained by all the sieves with size d > di and was expressed as percentage of the total coal weight; ‘b’ and ‘n’ are constants. To evaluate these constants in these size distributions, one needs to do curve fitting. Therefore, it is easier to go for simpler statistical distributions based on ‘normal’ distribution. For any distribution, there is a mean and a standard deviation. For a sample these can be calculated by using the following formulae: Sample Mean Sample Standard Deviation From these sample statistics one can calculate population parameters like true mean or population mean, ? and standard distribution ? with certain degree of accuracy. However, if the sample can be considered to be true representative of the true population then one can take sample statistics (mean and standard deviation) as population parameters ? and ?. While the mean is a measure of the central tendency, standard deviation gives distribution of particle size around the mean. If standard deviation is large then the distribution is wide and vice versa. If two more parameters ‘skew’ and ‘kurtosis’ that measure symmetry and peakedness respectively are also used in conjugation with mean and standard deviation, then can completely describe a size distribution. For a normal distribution, ‘skew’ and ‘kurtosis’ are zero and the distribution is mono-modal with peak at the mean and is symmetric about the mean. Such a distribution is applicable for simple distributions with m/s > 2. 5. If this ratio is smaller then the distribution, generally shows large positive skew. To tackle such a problem one goes for log-normal distribution, which is a normal distribution of the logarithm of the particle size. Most of the natural size distributions are best described by log-normal distribution. As mass distribution is more appropriate and used frequently, therefore, one can deduce mass distribution from size distribution. To do this one needs to calculate mean and standard distribution of the mass of the particles and this is done by dividing individual size measurements by while calculating the mean and the standard deviation. For most of the pollution control applications log-normal distribution is used. Probability distribution function (pdf) for such a distribution with mean ? and standard deviation ? is given by the following expression Such a distribution is shown in figure 1, below. In this case, the peak shifts in left direction with increasing standard deviation, ?. Fig. 1: Shift of the probability distribution peak in left direction with increasing standard deviation of the sample There is another very important aspect of particle size distribution. Generally a dust sample collected from certain location does not consist of a single distribution; instead it consists of many size distributions. It is easier to identify and separate these distributions when the peaks are well separated. However, many times the peaks are so close that these distributions mingle up as a single composite size distribution and one needs to extract individual distributions out of this composite distribution by carefully deconvoluting the composite size distribution. Before describing a size distribution, one needs to first measure the size distribution. There are many instruments that help in measurement of particle size and the size distribution. Some important techniques are described in the following section. A. 2 Measurement of Particle Size and Size-Distribution Sieving: This is the most conventional and easiest method for particle size-distribution measurement. In this case a representative sample of the particulate matter is taken by suitable sampling method like divided cone method. In divided cone method, the particulate matter is made as a cone and one quarter of the cone is taken. This process is repeated hill the final sample size is taken. This sample is then sieved by using a series of sieves of different sizes in a consecutive order. The particle that remains above the sieve of a particle number (size) is given that size and in this manner the size-distribution of the entire sample is measured. Sieve size is given by a number. That number represents number of aperture in a linear inch. Thus a sieve of size 75 means, there are 75 apertures in one inch of that sieve and so on. Therefore, a larger sieve number corresponds to a smaller sieve size. This method is very easy and suitable for coarse particles of size greater than 50 ? m. However, for finer sized particles, this technique becomes very unreliable. Optical Microscopy Optical microscope is also very useful method to measure size distribution of particulate matter. This method can be used to measure size distribution of particulate matter from any source. Different sampling methods can be used to collect the sample for size distribution measurement. Some of these are: (i) Filtration: Membrane filters are generally used to collect samples that have different color or refractive index than the filter. (ii) Sedimentation on a glass slide is another useful technique, especially for large particles. However, for getting a representative sample one should be careful. (iii) Thermal precipitation is another useful technique; however, care should be taken to avoid segregation of sizes. (iv) Electrostatic precipitation on a glass slide or electron microscope grid is another technique that is commonly employed. However, optical microscopy is limited to ~ 1 ? m sized particles as maximum magnification is 1000 only. This is because, light is the probing signal and its wavelength is of that order. For measuring the size distribution if still finer particles one needs to use scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). In case of SEM a focused electron beam is scanned in a raster and the image is formed by collecting the different type of electron signals like secondary electron or back scattered electron. In case of TEM, the focused electron beam is transmitted through the particle and an image of the particle is formed at higher magnification ~ 100,000. Cyclones: Cyclones are used mainly as dust removing system; however, these are also used for separating particles into different size groups. One example is use of cyclone in personal dust sampler to separate the powder into two fractions – one which is respirable and another which is not. Cascade impactors: In this system, particles are collected in different size groups in different stages according to the aerodynamic impaction onto a substrate. Each stage can be analyzed chemically, measured using a microscope or can be even weighed electronically. These are used for sampling of particulate matter in atmosphere or in chimney or furnace exhaust gas. These are capable of sizing the particulate matter in 0. 05 to 10 mm range. These systems have evolved considerably and modern systems are equipped with quartz crystal microbalance for detecting mass number of the dust particle and even electrical detection of the particles, which has been charged before classifying into different sizes. One such system is Electrical Low Pressure Impactor (ELPI). This equipment will be described in somewhat detail in the next subsection. Diffusion Battery: In this system particles are classified based on their ability to diffuse through a series of mesh screens. Smaller particles diffuse faster and vice versa. Finer particles are thus collected easily than the coarser particles. This system can be used for particles smaller than 1 ? m. Electrical Mobility Analyzers: In this system, the particles are charged prior to separation. The charged particles are separated by applying electric field. Smaller particles have higher mobility due to smaller mass than the larger particles. Therefore, electric field removes the particles in selective manner at different stages according to their sizes. This system can do sizing of particles in the size range 1 ? m to 1 mm. Light Scattering Devices: These are based on scattering of light by the dust particle in the suspension. It can use dry as well as wet suspension. The angle of scattering of light is related to its size. Normally a highly collimated laser light is used. Though the minimum size is limited by the wavelength of the light and is ~ 0. 3 mm; newer systems have been designed that can measure particles in nm size range as well. However, these are costly equipments.

USS Wasp World War II CV-7 Aircraft Carrier

USS Wasp World War II CV-7 Aircraft Carrier USS Wasp Overview Nation: United StatesType: Aircraft CarrierShipyard: Fore River ShipyardLaid Down: April 1, 1936Launched: April 4, 1939Commissioned: April 25, 1940Fate: Sunk September 15, 1942 Specifications Displacement: 19,423 tonsLength: 741 ft., 3 in.Beam: 109 ft.Draft: 20 ft.Propulsion: 2 Ãâ€" Parsons steam turbines, 6 Ãâ€" boilers at 565 psi, 2 Ãâ€" shaftsSpeed: 29.5 knotsRange: 14,000 nautical miles at 15 knotsComplement: 2,167 men Armament Guns 8 Ãâ€" 5 in./.38 cal guns16 Ãâ€" 1.1 in./.75 cal anti-aircraft guns 24 Ãâ€" .50 in. machine guns Aircraft up to 100 aircraft Design Construction In the wake of the 1922 Washington Naval Treaty, the worlds leading sea powers were restricted in the size and total tonnage of warships they were permitted to build and deploy. Under the treatys initial terms, the United States was allotted 135,000 for aircraft carriers. With the construction of USS Yorktown (CV-5) and USS Enterprise (CV-6), the US Navy found itself with 15,000 tons remaining in its allowance. Rather than permit this to go unused, they ordered a new carrier built that possessed approximately three-quarters the displacement of Enterprise. Though still a sizable ship, efforts were made to save weight to meet the treatys restrictions. As a result, the new ship, dubbed USS Wasp (CV-7), lacked much of its larger siblings armor and torpedo protection. Wasp also incorporated less powerful machinery which reduced the carriers displacement, but at a cost of around three knots of speed. Laid down at the Fore River Shipyard in Quincy, MA on April 1, 1936, Wasp was launched three years later on April 4, 1939. The first American carrier to possess a deck edge aircraft elevator, Wasp was commissioned on April 25, 1940, with Captain John W. Reeves in command. Prewar Service Departing Boston in June, Wasp conducted testing and carrier qualifications through the summer before finishing its last sea trials in September. Assigned to Carrier Division 3, in October 1940, Wasp embarked US Army Air Corps ,P-40 fighters for flight testing. These efforts showed that land-based fighters could fly from a carrier. Through the remainder of the year and into 1941, Wasp largely operated in the Caribbean where it participated in a variety of training exercises. Returning to Norfolk, VA in March, the carrier aided a sinking lumber schooner en route. While at Norfolk, Wasp was fitted with the new CXAM-1 radar. After a brief return to the Caribbean and service off Rhode Island, the carrier received orders to sail for Bermuda. With World War II raging, Wasp operated from Grassy Bay and conducted neutrality patrols in the western Atlantic Ocean. Returning to Norfolk in July, Wasp embarked US Army Air Forces fighters for delivery to Iceland. Delivering the aircraft on August 6, the carrier remained in the Atlantic conducting flight operations until arriving at Trinidad in early September. USS Wasp   Though the United States remained technically neutral, the US Navy was directed to destroy German and Italian warships that threatened Allied convoys. Aiding in convoy escort duties through the fall, Wasp was at Grassy Bay when news arrived of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7. With the United States formal entry into the conflict, Wasp conducted a patrol into the Caribbean before returning to Norfolk for a refit. Departing the yard on January 14, 1942, the carrier accidently collided with USS Stack forcing it to return to Norfolk. Sailing a week later, Wasp joined Task Force 39 en route to Britain. Arriving at Glasgow, the ship was tasked with ferrying Supermarine Spitfire fighters to the beleaguered island of Malta as part of Operation Calendar. Successfully delivering the aircraft in late April, Wasp carried another load of Spitfires to the island in May during Operation Bowery. For this second mission, it was accompanied by the carrier HMS Eagle. With the loss of USS Lexington at the Battle of the Coral Sea in early May, the US Navy decided to transfer Wasp to the Pacific to aid in combating the Japanese. World War II in the Pacific After a brief refit at Norfolk, Wasp sailed for the Panama Canal on May 31 with Captain Forrest Sherman in command. Pausing at San Diego, the carrier embarked an air group of F4F Wildcat fighters, SBD Dauntless dive bombers, and TBF Avenger torpedo bombers. In the wake of the victory at the Battle of Midway in early June, Allied forces elected to go on the offensive in early August by striking at Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands. To aid this operation, Wasp sailed with Enterprise and USS Saratoga (CV-3) to provide air support for the invasion forces. As American troops went ashore on August 7, aircraft from Wasp struck targets around the Solomons including Tulagi, Gavutu, and Tanambogo. Attacking the seaplane base at Tanambogo, aviators from Wasp destroyed twenty-two Japanese aircraft. Fighters and bombers from Wasp continued to engage the enemy until late on August 8 when Vice Admiral Frank J. Fletcher ordered the carriers to withdraw. A controversial decision, it effectively stripped the invasion troops of their air cover. Later that month, Fletcher ordered Wasp south to refuel leading the carrier to miss the Battle of the Eastern Solomons. In the fighting, Enterprise was damaged leaving Wasp and USS Hornet (CV-8) as the US Navys only operational carriers in the Pacific. USS Wasp Sinking Mid-September found Wasp sailing with Hornet and the battleship USS North Carolina (BB-55) to provide an escort for transports carrying the 7th Marine Regiment to Guadalcanal. At 2:44 PM on September 15, Wasp was conducting flight operations when six torpedoes were spotted in the water. Fired by the Japanese submarine I-19, three struck Wasp despite the carrier turning hard to starboard. Lacking sufficient torpedo protection, the carrier took severe damage as all struck fuel tanks and ammunition supplies. Of the other three torpedoes, one hit the destroyer USS OBrien while another struck North Carolina. Aboard Wasp, the crew desperately attempted to control the spreading fires but damage to the ships water mains prevented them from having success. Additional explosions occurred twenty-four minutes after the attack making the situation worse. Seeing no alternative, Sherman ordered Wasp abandoned at 3:20 PM. The survivors were taken off by nearby destroyers and cruisers. In the course of the attack and attempts to fight the fires, 193 men were killed. A burning hulk, Wasp was finished off by torpedoes from the destroyer USS Lansdowne and sunk by the bow at 9:00 PM. Selected Sources DANFS: USS Wasp (CV-7)Military Factory: USS Wasp (CV-7)Hull Number: CV-7

Free Essays on Self

Who am I? What am I? Where am I going? These questions have baffled the minds of humankind for centuries, since man was able to evolve a concept of self and consider his own nature. Man has come a long way since that day, but has no further answers in the quest for "Self-Concept". Who we are is, and always will be a reflection of different yet individual societies and environments in which we live. The roles we play in our specific societies give us a place of belonging and self. The self as an entity exists on two levels: mental and physical. Diverse environments and habitats are what give us our individuality and our ideas of self. What I mean is; would I be the same person I am now if I was born and raised in say, Saudi Arabia? Is my view of my self the same as my ideal self? I am tall; thin have short hair, fairly goal oriented. Is this how I perceived myself ten years ago. Am I the same person I was ten years ago? I am and I'm not. I am still in the same body, only bigger and still have most of the same interests and viewpoints on things, but I'm also different. I have expanded my knowledge, and elaborated on some and changed some views I once had. I was born in Canada and raised with the social norms and values of that of a Christian as opposed to that of a Muslim. I have never experienced war or lived in a society controlled by a Monarchy. My entire lifestyle would be different. My upbringing would be different. All my experiences would be different. My idea of norm and thoughts on gender, race and religion w! ould be differed. I would have different goals and heroes and activities for enjoyment. I would be a completely different person than I am now, due to the fact that I was raised in an entirely different culture than my own. My idea of self would contain altered aspects than now. As of now, I live and have always lived in a free, peaceful society. The role I hold in my specific society makes me who I am and gives me a pla... Free Essays on Self Free Essays on Self Who am I? What am I? Where am I going? These questions have baffled the minds of humankind for centuries, since man was able to evolve a concept of self and consider his own nature. Man has come a long way since that day, but has no further answers in the quest for "Self-Concept". Who we are is, and always will be a reflection of different yet individual societies and environments in which we live. The roles we play in our specific societies give us a place of belonging and self. The self as an entity exists on two levels: mental and physical. Diverse environments and habitats are what give us our individuality and our ideas of self. What I mean is; would I be the same person I am now if I was born and raised in say, Saudi Arabia? Is my view of my self the same as my ideal self? I am tall; thin have short hair, fairly goal oriented. Is this how I perceived myself ten years ago. Am I the same person I was ten years ago? I am and I'm not. I am still in the same body, only bigger and still have most of the same interests and viewpoints on things, but I'm also different. I have expanded my knowledge, and elaborated on some and changed some views I once had. I was born in Canada and raised with the social norms and values of that of a Christian as opposed to that of a Muslim. I have never experienced war or lived in a society controlled by a Monarchy. My entire lifestyle would be different. My upbringing would be different. All my experiences would be different. My idea of norm and thoughts on gender, race and religion w! ould be differed. I would have different goals and heroes and activities for enjoyment. I would be a completely different person than I am now, due to the fact that I was raised in an entirely different culture than my own. My idea of self would contain altered aspects than now. As of now, I live and have always lived in a free, peaceful society. The role I hold in my specific society makes me who I am and gives me a pla...

Teaching in a Diverse Society Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Teaching in a Diverse Society - Term Paper Example In addition, ethnically diverse students, within the US social landscape, have been known to perform much poorer than their white counterparts. Hispanic, Asians, American Indians, and Blacks are some examples of student groups with problematic learning experiences. Within the diverse cultural setting, it is observed that students of different races or ethnic groups are referred not with their names, but with their ethnicity. This, according the Terry and Irving (2010), is a factor that shows obvious differences within the class and therefore a student is unable to deliver his best performance in such an environment. The article presents the problems associated with cultural diversity and their influence on performance of the individual student. Article 2: Cultural Competence guidelines and protocols According to the Ethnic Communities’ Council Of Victoria (2006) culture is a set of functions that shape the lifestyle of an individual as it reflects behaviour, knowledge, beliefs , values, and customs. With regards to the article at hand, culture is described as the lens with which people view and perceive the world they live in. For example, the culture of a Chinese and the culture of a Russian differ immensely in that an individual from either culture cannot view the world in the same sense as the other. Therefore, while the article is a guideline to achieving cultural competency, various considerations are included on how one should acquire cultural competency. Firstly, the article takes a holistic approach in presenting culture as a personal factor that influences the individual at a first-person’s perspective. Therefore, a person must be self-aware of his her culture. Secondly, the article suggests that empathy is a major instalment when establishing relationships and dealing with the outside world. It is suggested that an individual must be able to understand that his/her point of view on to the world differs with that of the other person, there fore, an understanding should be cultivated to help one decode signs and elements of dissatisfaction. The influence on diversity is characterized by factors such as cultural identity, perception of time, ethnic identity, language, sexuality, education, gender, family configuration, class, literacy, social history, assimilation, religion and spiritual bias, political orientation, and acculturation. These factors are supposed to be integrated into an individual set of consideration when cultural competency is sought. Article 3: Cultural Competency According to the National Technical Assistance and Evaluation Centre (2009), children in the United States of America differ from the rest of the population in that they need to be protected from a variety of factors. For example, children are easy to bully, easy to offend, easy to convince, and require more time to comprehend things they are taught or things they observe. In this case, while children need the protection of parents from bad societal influences, they also require social support from their teachers and the government to provide policies that set their rights straight within the community. According to the article at

Customer Service Delivery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Customer Service Delivery - Essay Example This study highlights that the pipeline of processes i.e. appropriate management and disposal comes next to collection because waste is nothing good by any means to have warehoused or stored, it needs to be disposed on an urgent basis alongside waste cannot be left lying idle for long. So there is tremendous importance of its appropriate mechanisms and scheduling of collection. In addition, timely collection of wastage leads to cleanliness in town that has several other benefits such as healthy environment, attraction for foreigners (tourism and investment), etc. Secondly, the road cleansing is also of extreme importance. Keeping roads cleaned not just keeps the environment and town cleaned but also extends the life of the roads by means of good maintenance. And again keeping the towns clean attracts masses to enjoy and adds to the beautification.This discussion declares that  the problem arises due to the fact that in accordance with the rules of economics, there are limited or sc arce resources; thus, appropriate allocation is a mandatory action. Accordingly, there are limited resources for the waste management and street cleansing department as well in terms of machinery and human resource available. Consequently, it becomes difficult to have an eye on all the streets and places at the same time.  Reforms in the waste management sector over the past years have been extensive. These reforms have altered the industry’s structures, its rigid oversight and pricing measures.... Consequently, it becomes difficult to have an eye on all the streets and places at the same time. Therefore, there is need of public cooperation rather than criticism. So the problem here is making public realize that there are constraints and making them feel that it is their responsibility to lodge complain once there is an issue, and wait patiently till it is resolved. Reforms in the waste management sector over the past years have been extensive. These reforms have altered the industry's structures, its rigid oversight and pricing measures. The reforms have delivered considerable good organizational gains in the form of lesser real prices, higher dividends, and higher real rates of return, higher standards and greater capital investment. However additional efficiency may be obtainable in the industry, it is reasonable to say that future gains will be poorer and that higher standards may result in increased prices for services. Literature Review Analyzing the Regulations The want for regulation in the industry is self-evident, but it is very important that it be as effectual and efficient as probable and should deliver real community benefits. One controlling area of significance to the industry is standard setting. The concern is that the industry suggests that the increasing trend in standards in the areas of customer service, public health and the environment is resulting in sharp increases in capital expenditure for the urban water industry. The problem is that in general capital costs accounting for sixty percent of the industry's total costs and with underground pipes amounting to around seventy percent of all capital costs, setting standards for areas such as water continuity is particularly important. This makes it important to make decisions